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Ultra-pure AI 2 O 3  ceramics doped with 2000 ppm of Y 2 O 3  were sintered at 1500 °C or 1650 °C for 2 or 12 h. The re-sulting microstructure consisted of alumina matrix grains and second-phase precipitates. Y-doped alumina samples sintered at 1550 °C for shorter times (&lt;2 h) contained primarily YAIO3-YAP precipitates. This is in contradiction of the binary equilibrium phase diagram for AI 2 O 3  and Y 2 O 3 , which predicts Y3AI5O12- YAG to be the first phase to appear, as the Y-concentration exceeds the solubility limit of α-A1 2 O 3 . The formation of YAG in co-existence with the YAP precipitates was observed in samples sintered at 1550°C for 12h and 1650°C for 2 h. The excess of yttrium in the grain boundary was 5.5 ± 0.9 Y-atoms/nm 2  for the specimen containing primarily YAP and 4.2 ± 1.2 Y-atoms/nm 2  in samples where YAP and YAG co-existed. The study demonstrates that in samples containing multiple precipitates, the grain-boundary excess concentration of Y atoms is controlled by the composition of the precipitates.

Transient dopant segregation and precipitation in yttrium-doped alumina