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The mechanical and microstructural characterization of a material prior to its installation for the desired service is imperative to avoid material or structural failures. Of the several mechanical properties affecting the performance of a material, the residual stresses (RS) constitute an integral part of the material property and arise mostly during the manufacturing processes. They can be either beneficial or detrimental to material performance depending on their nature and magnitude. In this study, the microhardness, the tensile and the nature and magnitude of RS present in the weldment zones, base material (BM), heat affected zone (HAZ) and weld nugget (WN) of spiral welded (SWP) API grade line pipe steel, were determined. The microhardness and tensile responses were observed to have significant demarcation depending on the location where examined. The RS were measured using a nondestructive X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a semidestructive hole drilling (HD) technique. The results from both measurement techniques are found to be in good agreement. The BM microstructure consisted of ferrite and pearlite phases with ferrite constituting the dominant phase. The WN comprised of multi-passes, which consisted of root (hot) and the reinforcing (filling) pass. The microstructure of the reinforcing passes can be described as columnar grains/structure.

Evaluation of residual stresses present in spirally welded API grade pipeline steel using the hole drilling method