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The effect of various Co additions to P/M 316L stainless steel on α ’-martensite formation and mechanical properties (bending strength and hardness) were investigated. Powder mixtures were compacted using a single action press at 498 MPa and sintered at 1,300°C for 30 min under hydrogen atmosphere, followed by heat-treating in air at 800°C and 900°C for 25 h, 50 h, 75 h, and 100 h, respectively. It is found that oxide formation in closed pores at high temperatures can induce the α ’-martensite formation and reduce the area fraction of porosities, resulting in higher hardness of the heat-treated specimens than that of the sintered specimens. The Co additions can also reduce the amount of α ’-martensite. Long-term heating results in a slight decrease of bending strength due to high connected oxide formation in the internal pores.

Effect of Co Addition to Heat- Treated P/M 316L Stainless Steel on α′-Martensite Formation and Mechanical Properties