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Chromic acid oxidation of tartaric acid in aqueous acid media produces glycolaldehyde very sluggishly at room temperature. Suitable combination of promoter (2,2′-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline) and micellar catalyst (sodium dodecyl sulphate, cetylpyridinium chloride, triton X-100) enhances the rate of reaction to almost 14-fold. Observation showed that anionic surfactant (SDS) and nonionic surfactant (TX-100) accelerates the process but cationic surfactant (CPC) retards the reaction. The efficient combination for the production of glycolaldehyde from tartaric acid is found to be 1,10-phenanthroline and SDS.

Selection of Promoter and Micellar Catalyst for Chromic Acid Oxidation of Tartaric Acid in Aqueous Medium at Room Temperature