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Two new derivatives (A) and (B) of cationic germanium metal based surfactants have been synthesized. Their formulas are: [GeCl 2 (R) 4 ] 2+ FeCl 4  2−  and [GeCl 2 (R \ ) 4 ] 2+ SnCl 4  2− ·2H 2 O where R = hexamine and R \  = isothiouronium. A third derivative (C) of cationic titanium metal based surfactant was also synthesized and its formula is: [TiCl 2 (R \\ ) 2 ] 2+ CoCl 4  2− ·6H 2 O where R \\  = triphenylphosphine. The presence of complex anions with metals was confirmed by inductive coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP), IR spectrum and elemental analysis. Surface properties of the prepared surfactants, surface tension and critical micelle concentration were evaluated. Cytotoxic activities of these three metallo-surfactants were tested on human cell lines: leukemia lymphoblastic NALM-6 cells, promyelocytic HL-60 cells and breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells. The obtained data revealed that the compound A did not exert cytotoxicity toward normal lymphocytes and was also inactive against all tumor cell lines tested. However, compounds B and C displayed high cytotoxicity in tumor cells and low toxicity in human normal lymphocytes, with concurrent high genotoxicity in all kinds of cells. All of these synthesized metallo-surfactants (A, B and C) induced oxidative DNA damage as detected by alkaline comet assay. Therefore, novel cationic germanium and titanium metal based surfactants (B and C) may be considered for use as anticancer drugs but further studies should be performed.

Biological Activity of Some Novel Cationic Germanium and Titanium Metal Based Surfactants