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Titanium dioxide is a well-known UV-absorber but it can also be used for initiating chemical reactions by ultra-violet radiation. By doping this semiconductor with carbon, interstate energy levels between the energy bands are formed. This offers the possibility not only to use ultra-violet light, but also visible light to activate the catalyst. In a cyclic photo-catalytic process inorganic radicals are generated from the surrounding atmospheric water and oxygen. These radicals then oxidize organic compounds e. g. aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons or inorganic molecules e. g. nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide, respectively, to carbon dioxide, nitrates and water as end-products, which can readily be assimilated by vegetation. Potential applications are found in self-cleaning surfaces and the reduction of air and water pollution, where its superhydrophilicy and high specific surface areas can be utilized.

Visible Light Photo-catalysts Based on Titanium Dioxide and their Potential Applications – an Introduction