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A method to determine evapotranspiration from ground water was tested at four sites in the flood plain of the Arkansas River in Colorado. Approximate ground-water budgets were obtained by analyzing water-level data from observation wells installed in five-point arrays. The analyses were based on finitedifference approximations of the differential equation describing ground-water flow. Data from the sites were divided into two groups by season. It was assumed that water levels during the dormant season were unaffected by evapotranspiration of ground water or by recharge, collectively termed "accretion." Regression analyses of these data were made to provide an equation for separating the effects of changes in aquifer storage and of aquifer heterogeneity from those due to accretion during the growing season. The data collected during the growing season were thus analyzed to determine accretion. INTRODUCTION PURPOSE AND SCOPE This report describes the results of an investigation conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey to evaluate a technique proposed by Stallman (1956, 1967) to determine approximate ground-water budgets for small plots of land. The method should be useful to determine evapotranspiration from plots large enough to be representative of the field environment, but small enough to determine, for example, evapotranspiration from ground water for areas with specific types of plant cover or with water tables of different depths below land surface. The study included investigations at four sites in the flood plain of the Arkansas River in Colorado. A knowledge of evapotranspiration from Cl C2 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE HYDROLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES ground water in the flood plain was needed to refine estimates of the effects of ground-water pumpage on streamflow and to evaluate the feasibility of augmenting streamflow by phreatophyte eradication or channel straightening.

Use of finite-difference arrays of observation wells to estimate evapotranspiration from ground water in the Arkansas River Valley, Colorado