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The water table in the alluvial aquifer near La Junta, Colorado, rose during the 1980's in response to changes in rates of recharge and discharge-primarily leakage from the Arkansas River and Fort Lyon Canal and ground-water pumpage. Aggradation of the bed of the Arkansas River also contributed to the rise of the water table. Five water-management alternatives that were proposed as methods of lowering the water table in the valley are: (1) Deepening the channel of the Arkansas River, (2) lining the Fort Lyon Canal, (3) increasing municipal pumpage, (4) installing relief wells, and (5) installing a drainage system. A numerical model of steady-state ground-water flow was used to test the sensitivity of the system to errors in the estimates of hydraulic properties and recharge and discharge conditions. The model was sensitive to the simulated altitude of the riverbed, pumpage rates, conductance of the beds of the Arkansas River and Fort Lyon Canal, areal recharge rates, and evapotranspiration, but only moderately sensitive to values of hydraulic conductivity. The model was calibrated to April 1960-December 1984 transient conditions and used to evaluate the potential hydrologic effects of the proposed watermanagement alternatives for 1985-86 transient conditions. A simulated deepening of the channel of the Arkansas River by 4 feet caused about a 4-foot decrease in simulated heads in most of the area. Simulated lining of the Fort Lyon Canal caused about a 5-foot decrease in simulated heads near the canal, almost no change in heads near the river, and increased leakage from the river. Increasing simulated municipal pumpage caused localized decreases in simulated head and also increased leakage from the river. The simulated relief wells and simulated drainage system locally decreased simulated heads and substantially increased leakage from the river. INTRODUCTION The alluvial aquifer underlying the flood plain of the Arkansas River near La Junta, Colorado (fig. 1), is a highly transmissive unconfined aquifer. The Arkansas River partially penetrates the aquifer and may act as either a drain or a source of water to the aquifer depending on the relative altitude of the water table and the stage of the river. The water table in the alluvial aquifer that underlies the Arkansas River valley in the La Junta, Colorado, area rose during the early 1980's in response to changes in rates of recharge and discharge to the aquifer primarily increased leakage from the Arkansas River and Fort Lyon Canal and decreased ground-water pumpage. 10 3° 36 ' 35 ' 34 ' 33 ' 32 ' 10 3° 30 ' 38 °0 1' 38 °0 0 -W S 59 1 H yd ro lo gy m od ifi ed fr om N el so n an d ot he rs , 19 89

Evaluation of proposed water-management alternatives to lower the high water table in the Arkansas River Valley near La Junta, Colorado