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Water-quality data collected at 16 sites in urbanized and rural parts of the 438-square kilometer (km 2 ) Irondequoit Creek basin from July 1980 through August 1981 were used to compute annual loads of eight selected constituents suspended sediment, total phosphorus, total kjeldahl nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved chloride, and total lead, cadmium, and zinc. Of the total annual basin loads of these constituents, 50 to 75 percent was tranported to Irondequoit Bay during a 3.5-month period from late January through early May. The high loads during this period are attributed to constituent buildup in the snowpack and soil erosion and sediment transport during sustained high flows resulting from snowmelt and spring runoff. Of the six subbasins containing mixed land uses, the two most highly urbanized had the highest loads of all constituents. Of the four sites representing single land uses, a high-density residential site and a housingconst ruction site had the highest loads of all constituents. The U.S. Geological Survey Distributed Rainfall-Runoff-Routing Model was used to simulate 13 storms in three small subbasins one commercial and two residential (all less than 1 km 2 ) and in a large (78-km 2 ) mixed-land-use subbasin. Resulting predictions of storm-runoff volume and peak discharge for three small basins were within 10 to 30 percent of the measured values; predictions of storm-runoff loads of suspended solids, total phosphorus, total chloride, total kjeldahl nitrogen, lead, and cadmium were within 40 to 60 percent of the measured values. The accuracy of predicted runoff volume and peak discharge for the large mixedland-use subbasin was similiar to that obtained for the small watersheds. Predicted loads of suspended sediment, total phosphorus, and total lead were within 40 to 60 percent of the measured values; the remaining constituents could not be as accurately predicted. The Irondequoit Creek wetlands, just above the mouth of Irondequoit Creek, were evaluated as a potential settling area for stormwater runoff. The present flow pattern within the wetlands allows little dispersion of stormflow into the main body of the wetland. Stormflow modification by two different hypothetical control structures, at a natural constriction between the upper and lower wetland, was simulated. The increased ponding in the upper wetland unit would be sufficient to promote settling of suspended sediments and associated chemical constituents and thereby reduce their discharge to Irondequoit Bay.

water-resources investigations report

Quantity and quality of urban storm runoff in the Irondequoit Creek basin near Rochester, New York: Part 2,.Quality of storm runoff and atmospheric deposition, rainfall-runoff-quality modeling and potential of wetlands for sediment and nutrient retention