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Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gri£>£>osus) , largemouth bass (Micropterus saJmoides), yellow perch (Perca f-Zavescens), rock bass (Amploplites rupestris), black crappie (Pomoxis nigromacuJatus), and northern pike (Esox Jucius) were found in Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota, during a fishery survey of the lake in late August 1982. The most abundant fish were the bluegills. These fish live in the large littoral zone of the lake; this zone underlied 55 percent of the surface area of the lake. The most ubiquitous benthic invertebrate in the littoral zone (amphipods) and the most abundant benthic invertebrate (chironomid larvae*) were major food items for the bluegill. Other organisms found in the stomach contents of fish collected in this survey were zooplankton, gastropods, Diptera larvae, odonates, terrestrial insects, and other fish. Daphnia were the only zooplankters of a diverse plankton community that were found in stomach contents. The abundance of fish other than bluegill was typical for a system in which northern pike is the major predator. INTRODUCTION Williams Lake, a small lake in north-central Minnesota, is one of several natural lakes selected by the U.S. Geological Survey and its cooperators for intensive field research on the interactions of the hydrologic cycle and nutrient balances of lakes (Siegel and Winter, 1980; LaBaugh and others, 1981). One of the objectives of the ongoing project at this lake is to interrelate the physical and chemical characteristics of the water to biological production. In a preliminary effort to evaluate the fish community in the lake, an exploratory survey of the fish population was conducted in late August 1982. The objectives of this survey were to ascertain species composition, their vital statistics, and their food habits for future reference of the potential impact of fishes in the nutrient cycling and energy flow of this lake. The purpose of this report is to place the findings of the fishery survey in the context of limnological conditions in Williams Lake. Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. 2U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado. METHODS Samples for chemical and plankton community analyses were collected by using methods described by LaBaugh and others (1981). Benthic samples were collected along six transects in the near-shore area of the littoral zone of the lake. Samples were collected by pushing a 20-cm diameter plastic coring tube at least 5 cm into the bottom material.

Fishery survey and related limnological conditions of Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota