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The city of Melbourne and adjacent areas in south Brevard County obtain their water supply from Lake Washington. In 1982, the lake could provide a maximum of 15 million gallons per day, but the projected need for the year 2000 is nearly three times that amount. As one alternative for a future water supply, this study investigated, with a digital model, the potential yields of well fields completed in the Floridan aquifer. Poor quality of water precluded locating a well field within Brevard County. The most advantageous area for development was in central Osceola County. Lithologic and geophysical logs were used to define hydrologic units. The units consist of (1) a surficial aquifer of unconsolidated sand, shell, and clay that contains the water table underlain by (2) a confining layer composed mainly of clay and silty sand which overlies (3) the Floridan aquifer. The potential location of a new well field was based on obtaining a water supply with chloride concentrations below 250 milligrams per liter. Seven pumping schemes were simulated with the digital model. Each simulation was made under steady-state conditions so that storage properties of the ground-water system were not included. To evaluate the success of a particular scheme, the potentiometric surface is used to define the area of diversion from the pumping centers after a new equilibrium is reached. The area of diversion is plotted on a map of chloride concentrations, and by comparing how much of the area has overlapped into the zones of poorer water quality, evaluation of the particular schemes can be made. This accounts for lateral intrusion of poorer quality water only; data are insufficient to analyze water-quality problems from upconing of poorer quality water. Four pumping schemes included a combination of pumping from a hypothetical well field in Osceola County and increasing pumpage rates of the Cocoa well field in Orange County which supplies the city of Cocoa in northern Brevard County. One scheme evaluated increasing pumpage in the Cocoa well field only. Two schemes evaluated an area in the southwest corner of Brevard County where chloride concentrations are less than 250 milligrams per liter. The Osceola-Orange County pumping schemes should produce water of suitable quality. The schemes produced quantities that ranged from 28 to 65 million gallons per day. Only the scheme that produced 65 million gallons per day intercepted a zone of water with chloride concentrations greater than 250 milligrams per liter, but the percentage of the zone within the area of diversion was small. The water-supply potential for the southwest corner of Brevard County is about 5 million gallons per day. A scheme that would produce 20 million gallons per day intercepted a large zone of poor water quality, and it is doubtful that this scheme would succeed. If the ground-water alternative is chosen for the future supply, it would be desirable to install an observation well network to monitor head changes, chloride concentration trends east of the pumping centers, and chloride concentration trends in zones below the pumped zone.

Water-supply potential of the Floridan aquifer in Osceola, eastern Orange, and southwestern Brevard counties, Florida