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Information is needed by the U.S. Department of Energy at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory to determine the extent and severity of potential flooding at facilities along the Big Lost River. Two computer programs—the Culvert Analysis Program (CAP) and the HECRAS model—were used to define stage-discharge relations for 31 culverts and 2 bridge sites in a 10mile reach of the river. These relations can be used to improve surface-water-flow models to evaluate potential flooding. Relations between headwater, tailwater, and discharge through each structure were unique. Discharge through the culverts as computed by the CAP ranged from about 0 cubic feet per second to as much discharge as could be conveyed, and tailwater elevations ranged from about 0 to 30 feet above the outlet elevation. Discharge through the bridges, as computed by the HEC-RAS model, ranged from nearly 0 to 7,000 cubic feet per second, and tailwater elevations ranged from nearly 0 to 30 feet above the streambed on the downstream cross section of each bridge. Stage-discharge relations provided in lookup tables in this report can be incorporated into numerical surface-water-flow models to simulate the effects of hydraulic structures on flood flows. One limitation of the CAP and HEC-RAS models is that changes in flow conditions, such as obstruction by sediment and debris, are not simulated. If flow through a hydraulic structure is obstructed by sediment or debris, then model-simulated discharges through the structure might be greater than would be experienced under actual conditions. INTRODUCTION Over the past 5 years, concerns about flooding on the Big Lost River at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL), especially to facilities near the river, have prompted a number of flood-plain studies. In the reach between the INEEL diversion dam and Pioneer diversion structures (fig. 1), Ostenaa and others (1999) used a combination of the elevation of paleostage indicator sites and a twodimensional surface-water model to estimate paleoflood discharge. Two-dimensional models are ideally suited for simulating flows over complex topography having spatially variable resistance. These models allow flexibility in representing flows in and around geometric features such as irregular-shaped water boundaries, channels, islands, dikes, and embankments. Most two-dimensional surface-water models use defined stage-discharge relations to simulate flow through culverts and (or) bridges. In 2001, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), began a study to evaluate the hydraulics of culverts and bridges in the Big Lost River and flood plain (fig. 1) from the INEEL diversion dam to about 1 mi downstream from the U.S. Government railroad near the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC). The resulting stage-discharge relations for culverts and bridges can be incorporated into numerical surface-water-flow models so that the effects of these hydraulic structures on flood flows can be simulated more accurately.

water-resources investigations report

Stage-discharge relations for selected culverts and bridges in the Big Lost River flood plain at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho