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A single specimen on an inarticulate brachiopod questionably referred to the genus Glottidia is the first fossil brachiopod from the ancestral Gulf of California. The specimen is from the Whitewater outcrop of the Imperial Formation in Riverside County, California which is considered late Miocene in age. It also documents a part of the non-molluscan fauna of the Imperial Formation. ^USGS science for a changing world Open-File Report 97-538 INTRODUCTION One of the unexpected discoveries in the Neogene Imperial Formation (upper Miocene to upper Pliocene) in Riverside County, southern California, is a doublevalved, crushed specimen of an inarticulate brachiopod questionably identified as Glottidia? species (fig. 1). Although Glottidia has been found as a fossil in Eocene to Pleistocene marine deposits in California (Hertlein and Grant, 1944), this specimen is the first record of a its occurrence as a fossil in the ancestral Gulf of California. The genus Glottidia most closely resembles Lingula from which it is distinguished wholly on the basis of internal features (Dall, 1870). Because of poor preservation the present specimen cannot be definitively distinguished from the genus Lingula, but Lingula is not known from the northeastern Pacific (Hertlein and Grant, 1944). The genus Glottidia occurs in the modern eastern Pacific marine fauna from Monterey Bay, California to Peru, including the Gulf of California (Hertlein and Grant, 1944). Three species of Glottidia are known from the northeastern Pacific (Hertlein and Grant, 1944): G. albida Hinds, 1844, which is reported to occur from Monterey Bay, California to Oaxaca, Mexico, in Eocene to Holocene deposits; G. audebarti Broderip, 1834, known only in the Holocene, from San Diego, California to Guayaquil, Ecuador, including the Gulf of California; and G. palmeri Dall, 1871, also known only in the Holocene, which reportedly ranges from San Pedro, California to the Gulf of California (Dall, 1871; 1920), but is present only in collections from the Gulf of California (Hertlein and Grant, 1944). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank G. A. Cooper, L. Marincovich, Jr., E. J. Moore, and J. T. Smith for reading versions of the manuscript and providing helpful insights. Figure 1 Slab containing Glottidia? sp. x4. LACMIP 7628; length 12.7 mm, width 6.4 Geological Survey Cenozoic loc. mm. U.S. M9109.

A record of the inarticulate brachiopod Glottidia? from the ancestral Gulf of California, Miocene to Pliocene Imperial Formation, southern California