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Data on water use in North Carolina were compiled for 1990 as part of a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Division of Water Resources of the North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources. Data were compiled from a number of Federal, State, and private sources for the offstream water-use categories of public supply, domestic, commercial, industrial, mining, livestock, irrigation, and thermoelectric-power generation. Data also were collected for instream use from hydroelectric facilities. Total estimated offsrream water use in the State for 1990 was about 8,940 million gallons per day. About 95 percent of the water withdrawn was from surface-water sources. Thermoelectricpower generation accounted for about 81 percent of all withdrawals. Data for instream water use for hydroelectric-power generation also were compiled. This instream water use totaled about 66,900 million gallons per day. Each water-use category is summarized in this report by county and source of water supply. INTRODUCTION Although North Carolina has a high average annual precipitation rate and seemingly abundant water resources, increases in population growth and in municipal, industrial, agricultural, and recreational water use have placed increasing demands on the State's water supply. Although years of plentiful rainfall provide adequate water supplies to meet demands during years of drought, conflicts may arise that require rationing and other conservation measures to ensure that water supplies are adequate to meet demands and that water quality remains unaffected by low flow. In order to assist in planning and management of the State's water resources, accurate estimates of water use must be inventoried. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Division of Water Resources (DWR) of the North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources (DEHNR), inventoried and compiled groundand surface-water use in North Carolina for 1990. These data were compiled from a variety of Federal, State, and private sources for the offstream water-use categories of public supply, domestic, commercial, industrial, mining, livestock, irrigation, and thermoelectric-power generation. Data also were compiled for instream use from hydroelectric facilities. Purpose and Scope The purpose of this report is to provide an inventory of water use, by county, in North Carolina for 1990 (fig. 1). Data are summarized for nine categories of water use as required for USGS Circular 1081, "Estimated Use of Water in the United States," which is published every 5 years. Water-use estimates for instream and offstream use are summarized, as well as water use by source-ground water and surface water. Data-Compilation Procedures Estimates for water withdrawn by category were obtained primarily from DWR. Other sources include

Estimated water use, by county, in North Carolina, 1990