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Information from several sources indicates that the eastern Maine coast is subsiding. Recent releveling surveys indicate a current rate of subsidence in eastern Maine as much as 9 mm per year relative to Bangor. The anomalously rapid rise in sea level accompanying the subsidence has led to shoreline erosion, landsliding, and submergence of archaeological sites and historical manmade structures. In situ stress measurements, well-bore breakouts, and earthquake focal mechanisms show that the maximum principal stress is horizontal, strikes N 80° E, and is correctly oriented to produce thrusting on north-south faults, right-lateral motion with minor thrusting on northeast and east-northeast faults, and major thrusting with left-lateral motion on northwest-striking faults. Maximum seismicity in Maine occurs in the subsiding zone which also includes the maximum (positive) gravity anomaly in the State. Epicenters are diffusety aligned with the Oak Bay fault which strikes N 20° W. Deflection of isobase lines drawn on ice-marginal deltas forms a trough whose axis strikes approximately parallel to the Oak Bay fault. An acceptable contemporary crustal deformation model should incorporate zones of contrasting rock density and intensity of fracturing, localized seismicity, east-west tectonic compression, and weak compression or extension in the north-south direction.

Geomechanical aspects of subsidence in eastern Maine