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The 2010 Schultz fire northeast of Flagstaff, Arizona, burned more than 15,000 acres on the east side of San Francisco Mountain from June 20 to July 3. As a result, several drainages in the burn area are now more susceptible to increased frequency and volume of runoff, and downstream areas are more susceptible to flooding. Resultant flooding in areas downgradient of the burn has resulted in extensive damage to private lands and residences, municipal water lines, and roads. Coconino County, which encompasses Flagstaff, has responded by deepening and expanding a system of roadside ditches to move flood water away from communities and into an area of open U.S. Forest Service lands, known as Cinder Lake, where rapid infiltration can occur. Water that has been recently channeled into the Cinder Lake area has infiltrated into the volcanic cinders and could eventually migrate to the deep regional groundwater-flow system that underlies the area. How much water can potentially be diverted into Cinder Lake is unknown, and Coconino County is interested in determining how much storage is available. The U.S. Geological Survey conducted geophysical surveys and drilled four boreholes to determine the depth of the cinder beds and their potential for water storage capacity. Results from the geophysical surveys and boreholes indicate that interbedded cinders and alluvial deposits are underlain by basalt at about 30 feet below land surface. An average total porosity for the upper 30 feet of deposits was calculated at 43 percent for an area of 300 acres surrounding the boreholes, which yields a total potential subsurface storage for Cinder Lake of about 4,000 acre-feet. Ongoing monitoring of storage change in the Cinder Lake area was initiated using a network of gravity stations. Introduction The 2010 Schultz fire northeast of Flagstaff, Arizona, burned more than 15,000 acres on the east side of San Francisco Mountain from June 20 to July 3 (fig. 1). As a result, several drainages in the burn area are now more susceptible to runoff and flooding events of greater frequency and volume. Despite a rapid response from the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) to mitigate some of the expected flooding and debris effects of the fire, one of the largest flood events associated with the Schultz Fire burn area occurred on July 20, 2010. Massive damage to private lands and residences, municipal waterlines, and roads in and downgradient of the burn areas have occurred, and greater than expected flooding persists. Although the fire occurred on USFS lands, there are a number of subdivisions located on unincorporated lands in Coconino County within drainage basins downgradient of the burn area, including the communities of Timberline Estates, Fernwood Estates, Pine Mountain Estates, and Wupatki Trails (fig. 1). In response to the flooding effects, the County deepened and expanded a system of roadside ditches to move flood water away from these communities and into open USFS lands where rapid infiltration can occur. The Copeland, Campbell, and Girl’s Ranch Ditches were designed to safely reroute the runoff from two of the largest drainages originating in the burn area through developed lands and distribute the water into the Cinder Lake area (fig. 2). The Copeland, Campbell, and Girl’s Ranch ditches are designed to carry about 1,600, 1,200, and 500 ft/s of water, respectively.

Depth of cinder deposits and water-storage capacity at Cinder Lake, Coconino County, Arizona