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U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006–3055 May 2006 Printed on recycled paper The Willcox and Douglas Basins, about 1,910 mi and 750 mi, respectively, are in Cochise and Graham Counties in southeastern Arizona (fig. 1). The majority of the population in the two basins resides in the cities of Willcox and Douglas where the population in 2000 was 3,733 and 14,312, respectively (U.S. Census Bureau, 2005). The projected population in 2025 for the city of Willcox is 3,981 and for Douglas is 16,642 (Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005). Ground water is the main source of water in this area owing to the sparse surface-water resources. The Willcox and Douglas Basins are the primary areas of agriculture in Cochise County, and 90 percent of the ground-water pumpage is for agriculture. According to the National Agricultural Statistics Service, irrigated land increased 25 percent from 52,000 acres in 1992 to 65,000 acres in 2002 (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1999, 2004). There is concern in the Willcox and Douglas Basins about the future availability of water for all uses, including agriculture, municipal and domestic, and thermoelectric power. Comprehensive monitoring of the ground-water system and identification of the areas of change will help managers with future resource decisions. Ground-water pumping commonly causes declines in ground-water levels. When declines become widespread and persistent, further negative consequences such as increased pumping lift, land subsidence, and deterioration in water quality can occur. The combined estimated ground-water pumpage in both Figure 1. Physiography and location of water-level monitoring sites in Willcox and Douglas Basins. Prepared in cooperation with the ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES

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Investigation of the hydrologic monitoring network of the Willcox and Douglas Basins of southeastern Arizona: A project of the Rural Watershed Initiative