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U.S. Geological Survey USGS Fact Sheet 068–03 2003 Monitoring Earthquake Shaking in Buildings to Reduce Loss of Life and Property Most loss of life and property in earthquakes is the result of damage to or collapse of buildings or other structures from strong shaking. Key to reducing such losses are recordings of structural response to damaging levels of shaking. Using these recordings, engineers can better design new buildings and strengthen existing buildings to survive future quakes. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and cooperators are engaged in a national effort to acquire these critically needed strong-motion measurements in earthquake-prone urban areas. The 1971 San Fernando, California, earthquake (magnitude 6.7) severely damaged the recently built Olive View Hospital. This building was not instrumented with seismic sensors. Accordingly, no data were obtained to understand how the damage initiated and progressed during the intense shaking. The building was razed and replaced with a stronger structure that survived the 1994 Northridge earthquake (see back page). Strong earthquake shaking can damage vulnerable buildings, dams, and other structures, causing catastrophic loss of life and property in densely urbanized areas. For example, the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake (magnitude 6.7) caused more than $20 billion in structural damage and killed 57 people in the greater Los Angeles region. Reducing such losses requires measurements of structural response to strong levels of earthquake shaking in structures likely to be damaged. Under the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program enacted by Congress in 1977, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has responsibility for the Federal effort to acquire strong-motion measurements in structures throughout the United States. Engineers need these critical measurements so that they can better design new structures to survive future quakes. In pursuit of this goal, the USGS cooperates with other structural monitoring programs, such as those of the California Geological Survey, Army Corps of Engineers, General Services Administration, and University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez.

Monitoring earthquake shaking in buildings to reduce loss of life and property