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Peat resources of 78 undeveloped deposits investigated in Washington and southeastern Aroostook Counties, Maine, are estimated to amount to 30,785,000 short tons of air-dried moss peat of good quality, as defined by the recent ASTM (American Society for Testing Materials) peat classification. About half the deposits individually cover 100 acres or more, and 3 deposits each cover more than 1,000 acres. Thicknesses are as great as 25 feet; most average at least 5 feet thick. Representative samples from 57 of these deposits showed water-holding capacity as high as 4,920 percent. The organic content is generally greater than 90 percent (or, conversely, less than 10 percent ash), and more than half the deposits have a fiber content greater than 66 2/3 percent. Except for a few deposits in Aroostook County, the deposits have an in situ pH of less than 5.0. The peat deposits occur in five basic physiographic forms: (1) Valleys occupied by streams; (2) closed basins with or without remnants of the initial ponds; (3) plateaulike domes on gentle clay, sand, or gravel surfaces; (4) domes and secondary ponds; and ( 5) coalesced domes. Moss peat, the type which has most commercial potential, occupies the upper parts of heath-covered domes of the last three physiographic forms; it lies above the regional water table and stratigraphically above the upper surface of the original water body associated with each deposit. Sediments of the original water body are derived from a variety of plants which either lived in the water or were deposited there along with varied amounts of clay; these peats have much less commercial potential. A study of the relationship between the hydrology and the basic physiographic forms of peat deposits and a study of the reestablishment of flora in formerly exploited bogs in Washington County may afford clues useful in determining the least ecologically damaging methods of mining moss peat in individual deposits.

Some peat deposits in Washington and southeastern Aroostook Counties, Maine