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In the field of disaster prevention planning, it is highly important to consider the difficulty of evacuation. In order to evaluate difficulty of evacuation dealing with any possible damages by a large-scale earthquake, the authors construct a simulation model, which describes physical damages (such as house-collapse, city-fire, and road-blockage) and people's behavior in terms of difficulty in wide-area evacuation. Based on the results of agent-based simulations, the authors demonstrated some new findings: (1) the difficulty in wide-area evacuation has a significant correlation respectively with the density of wooden houses and the rate of road-blockage, (2) some areas might have difficulties even if they are located near the evacuation site, (3) the number of people with difficulty varies according to occurrence-time of disaster, the characteristic of areas, and the unfavorable situation for evacuation.

DIFFICULTY OF EVACUATION IN DENSELY BUILT-UP AREA IN THE AFTERMATH OF A LARGE-SCALE EARTHQUAKE