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Salmonella Typhimurium infections in pigs are a major source of human foodborne salmonellosis. To reduce the number of infected ptgs, actdified feed or drinking water can be administrated. A study was carried out to evaluate the use of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) for the control of Salmonella Typhimurium infections 1n ptgs. Short-chain fatty acids formate, acetate, propionate and butyrate (pH 6, osm 600, cone 1 OmM) and medium-chain fatty acids caprotc, caprylic and capric actd (pH6, osm 600, cone 2mM) were used. Ftrst, the effect of these acids on the invasion rate of Salmonella Typhimurium in porcme intestinal epithelial cells and on the expression of the virulence genes fimA and hilA was assessed in vitro. The expresston of hi/A was decreased by butyrate, propionate, caproic and caprylic ac1d. Caproic and caprylic acid also decreased the expression of fimA. Contact of bacteria wtth butyrate, caprylic and caproic ac1d decreased invaston 1n porcine intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. Stnce butyrate and caprylic ac1d resulted in the strongest attenuation of Salmonella in vitro, these acids were further tested 1n an in vivo trial. In order to reach the large intestine, the tested acids were coated. Coated butyrate showed a strong reduction of Salmonella excretion (approximately 100 times lower on average compared to the control group). Coated caprylic acid also showed a reduction of shedding (10 t1mes lower on average compared to the control group). Neither butyrate nor caprylic ac1d decreased the colomzation of the tonsils by Salmonella Typhtmunum. In conclusion, coated butyrate lowers the shedding of Salmonella Typhimurium by pigs. Coated butyrate and, to a lesser extent coated caprylic ac1d, decreased the colonization of the intestinal tract but dtd not affect the colonization of tonsils.

The influence of fatty acids on the expression of virulence genes of Salmonella Typhimurium and the colonization of pigs