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Kura clover has shown good potential as a living mulch for corn production, although interspecies competition remains a challenge. Understanding the mode of competition, i.e. above ground or in the root zone, is critical for developing best management practices for optimum corn yield. The objective of this study was to determine kura clover living mulch management effects on corn and kura clover root growth patterns. Two kura clover management treatments were compared. In the first a 25-cm band centered on the corn row was suppressed with herbicides. In the second a broadcast application of herbicides suppressed all kura clover growth. Soil cores containing both corn and kura clover roots were obtained at three distances from the corn row and at two depths. Corn, a C4 species, and kura clover, a C3 species, root discrimination from these cores was based on 13C ratio analysis. There was a strong linear relationship (R2=0.99) found in delta 13C vs. percentage corn roots in calibration samples. This relationship was used to determined corn root percentages within each field core. There were significant corn and kura clover root density depth effects. Corn root density differences were significant between positions however significant root growth pattern differences were not observed between treatments. Kura clover management in this study did not affect corn root growth sufficiently to affect corn yield. 13C isotope analysis was a suitable method to discriminate corn and kura clover root materials.

Corn/kura clover living mulch system effects on root growth, soil loss, runoff water and water quality