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In selection programs, the covariance between parents and offspring largely determines the success of selection. We have estimated the variances and covariances between noninbred individuals and both their inbred and outbred progeny in the non-stiff stalk maize population BSCB1(R)C13. Estimation of these variances and covariances has allowed us to estimate the genetic covariance parameters for BSCB1(R)C13. Previous estimates of genetic covariance parameters in maize have been used to describe the ineffectiveness of inbred progeny selection in the stiff stalk population BS13. Our estimates in BSCB1(R)C13 indicated that the dominance variance was larger than the additive variance for grain yield whereas the additive variance was larger than the dominance variance for all other traits. Negative estimates of the covariance between additive and homozygous dominance deviations were found for all traits with the exception of traits associated with reproductive maturity, suggesting a negative relationship between inbred and outbred performance. A direct result of this genetic variance structure was the correlation between genotypic values and breeding values was lower for grain yield than any other trait. Our results were similar to previous results found in the stiff stalk maize population BS13. Thus it appears that similar genetic variance structures have been formed by selection in two maize populations that differ in their genetic background.

The quantitative genetics of a non-stiff-stalk maize (Zea mays L) population