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The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in educational outcomes for children with fathers absent due to death and those absent for other reasons. The nationally representative Adolescent Health data set was used to select 70 children with deceased fathers, 70 children with fathers who are alive but not living in the home, and 70 children with fathers residing in the home. Demographic variables and educational outcome variables were utilized from waves I and III; correlation and t test analyses were performed. In general, it was found that children without fathers for any reason completed a year less of school than children living with two parents. However, children with deceased fathers and children with fathers absent for other reasons did not differ significantly in the amount of education each completed. There was no association between the child’s age when the father died and the amount of education completed, but there was a small association between the length of time a child has been without a father because they died and their highest level of education. Children with fathers absent for other reasons were found to have lower rates of graduating high school and college when compared to children with two parents, while children with deceased fathers did not. Other findings indicated that both male children and African American children with fathers absent for other reasons had lower GPA scores than females or white children. Children from both groups (male and African American) completed more education as their mothers earned more income. Limitations of the study are considered with recommendations for future research. The study has implications for how mothers and others who work with children can prevent lowered educational outcomes for those with fathers absent due to death and those absent for other reasons.

Educational outcomes of children with absent-fathers: an examination of children with deceased fathers and children with fathers absent for other reasons compared with children with fathers present in a two-parent home