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Over the last 30 years the trend on dairies has been to increase the energy content of the prepartum ration to enhance dry matter intake (DMI) during the final weeks of gestation and prepare the rumen for the higher energy diets of lactation. In the last few years a number of dairies have shifted to a completely different dietary strategy; feeding a lower, but adequate, energy diet, which utilizes straw as a major component of the diet. The objective of this study was to determine if the institution of a lower energy pre-partum diet had any negative effects on metabolic or immunologic status of cows when compared to cows fed a higher energy pre-partum diet. Primiparous heifers were assigned to either a HIGH E diet (1.56 Mcal NE(L) / kg) or a LOW E diet treatment (1.35 Mcal NE(L)/kg diet) about five wks before calving. DMI was 1.2 kg/d greater in the HIGH E cows in the three weeks prior to calving. The LOW E diet did reduce the magnitude of DMI depression just before calving, but apart from a small reduction in plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentraion (NEFA) the day of calving, few major benefits of this reduction were seen. DMI after calving was similar in the two groups of cows. Body condition scores of the cows just before calving and at 21 and 44 days in milk (DIM) were statistically similar across the dietary treatments. A glucose tolerance test was performed on a subset of animals in each dietary treatment about one week prior to calving. No statistically significant difference was observed in glucose clearance from the blood or insulin secretion pattern suggesting no difference in tissue sensitivity to insulin was induced by the dietary treatments. Milk production during the first 45 days of lactation was statistically similar in HIGH E (27.1 kg/d) and LOW E cows (28.2 kg/d). Dietary treatment had no significant effect on liver triglyceride content on day 1 after calving, days to first ovulation, or plasma NEFA profile after calving. In vitro immune

Effect of pre-calving diet energy content on immunologic and metabolic parameters in the transition cow