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and Implications This study was designed to pictorially depict and compare the lying-down sequence (i.e. postures adopted and movements during the process) in non-lame versus lame gestating sows. Ten multiparous sows (average parity 3.5 ± 1.6) with different degrees of lameness (lameness assessed on a 6 point scale where 0 =normal to 5 = severely lame, will not stand/move) were video recorded in a gestation pen during one lying-down event to identify the postures and movements adopted during the lying-down sequence. There was no difference among lameness scores in the postures or movements during the lying-down sequence of the observed sows except for the sow classified as severely lame (i.e. lameness score = 4) that showed uncontrolled lying-down behavior and finished the lying-down sequence on a " dog sitting " position. Results suggest that lameness score does not greatly affect the lying-down sequence when space restriction is not an issue. However, this could be due to the limited sample size and/or that lameness recorded in this study was not severe enough to affect lying-down behavior. Introduction There are few studies in the scientific literature regarding the lying-down behavior of sows; and there are even fewer studies about the impact of lameness on the lying-down sequence. Two independent studies reported that sows with moderate to severe lameness were more likely to show uncontrolled lying-down behavior; and, a negative correlation between latency to lie-down (i.e. time standing until successfully lie-down) and lameness score was reported. However, to our knowledge, there are no studies describing the actual lying-down sequence (i.e. postures adopted and movements during the process) in lame versus non-lame sows when they do not face space restriction. Furthermore, there is no pictorial depiction of the lying-down sequence of lame and non-lame sows. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the different postures and movements adapted by gestating sows displaying different degrees of lameness during the lying-down sequence.

Pictorial Depiction of the Lying-down Behavior of Lame and Non-lame Multiparous Gestating Sows