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Erythrocyte alloimmunization has adverse consequences for polytransfused and obstetric for the fetus of an allo immune mother. However, it remains undervalued in our country. To give an estimate, from September to December 2016, we conducted a prospective study that included 157 women, including 54 transfused and 103 women who previously had a history of non-transfusion obstetrics. These patients were recruited from the maternity ward at Central Hospital in Yaounde. Irregular agglutinins (IA) were investigated at the Freelys Nano and tube stations using the indirect Coombs technique, blood grouping in the ABO system, and rhesus and Kell phenotypes were made on a plate by the agglutination technique at the Bethany laboratory. Regarding the incidence of irregular agglutinins in nontransfused women with an obstetrical history, 21% (22/103) were positive at RAI. Similarly, 33% (18/54) of the polytransfused multiparas were alloimmune. Similarly, 33% (18/54) of the polytransfused multipares were immunized. The most frequent antigenic combinations in the study population were D+C-E-c+e+ (60%), D+C+E-c+e+ (24%). D+C+ Ec+e+(0.61%), D+C-E+c+ (0.61%), D+C+E+c+e+ (1.8%) were rare. The most found antigens were: c (99%), e (99%), D (97%) and d (2%), K+ (1%) were rare. To reduce the risk of allo immunization in Cameroon phenotype at least in rhesus and Kell systems, the search for irregular agglutinins must be done routinely in transfusion therapy and in obstetrics. Transfusion of non-phenotyped blood should be formally prohibited in the general population; especially among women of reproductive age.

Erythrocyte alloimmunization, rhesus and kell phenotypes for women of childbearing age in Yaounde