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Context: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive hereditary genetic haemoglobinopathy caused by a point mutation at position 6 of the codon causing a substitution for glutamic acid for valine. It is characterised by vaso occlusive crises, susceptibility to infections, chronic anaemia that will require a timely blood transfusion or the putting in place of a transfusionsprogram in the case acute complications. In the long run, these multiple transfusions will have as consequence an iron overload and above a certain level will have serious cardiac, endocrine and articular effects hence the need for early screening with the help of serum ferritin. The goal of this study was to seek the associated factors to hemochromatosis in people living with SCD frequenting two hospitals in the town of Douala. Methods: It’s was a descriptive and analytical transverse study. It was done over a period of 6 months from October 15, 2015 to 20th of April 2016. Included in this study was every person living with SCD in his/her majority age, documented hospitalised or followed up at outpatient consultations at DGH and DLH. During this study period we excluded every person with SCD who did not give an informed consent and all who had benefited from a blood transfusion in the past three months before the study. The recorded parameters were age, gender, past medical history of the person and serum ferritin levels. Data analysis was done with the help of the software, Epi-info 7. Results: A total of 201 persons with SCD were recruited and tested. The frequency of hemochromatosis was 20.9%. Male gender was the most represented(54.76%) than the female gender (45.24%) with a sex-ratio of1.2; 1. Hemochromatosis was noted in 85.7% of people with SCD having had a blood transfusion. The mean number of erythrocyte concentrates was 7.5. Associated factors found in this study were; blood transfusion (p= 0.018; r=+ 0.18), poor general status (p<0.0001), hepatomegaly (p= 0.02), splenomegaly (p= 0.001), follow-up (p<0.0001), rural residency (p=0.006). Conclusion: Hemochromatosis is frequent. Male gender is more concerned and the mean age is 14 years. Associated factors are poor general status, blood transfusion, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, hospitalisation, follow-up and area of residence. It is important to look for hemochromatosisin people with SCD having the above characteristics so as to prevent cardiac and hepatic complications.

Factors associated to hemochromatosis in people living with sickle cell disease at Douala General Hospital (DGH) and Douala Laquintinie Hospital (DLH)