English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the levels of LL-37 and subgingival periodontal pathogens in the periodontal health and disease among three ethnic groups in Malaysia. Methods: Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and subgingival plaque samples from 28 healthy subjects (H), 30 patients with gingivitis (G) and 30 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) were collected. The LL-37 levels were quantified by the enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) while the subgingival periodontal pathogens were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The LL-37 levels were significantly higher in the CP group than other groups. The detectability of LL-37 in CP group was 100%, while in H and G groups was 78.5% and 93.3% respectively. Red complex species populations in CP group are higher than in other groups. The LL-37 levels in GCF were positively correlated with red complex and A. actinomycetemcomitans species in the subgingival plaque. Moreover, there is a positive correlation between the LL-37 levels and periodontal pathogens which play major role in the initiation and progression of chronic periodontitis. Conclusion: LL-37 in GCF may be considered as relevant biomarker for chronic periodontitis. Furthermore, red complex species count can be useful in the differentiation between the different stages of periodontal disease. Corresponding Author: Koshy Philip, Ph.D University of Malaya Faculty of Science MALAYSIA Corresponding Author Secondary Information: Corresponding Author's Institution: University of Malaya Faculty of Science Corresponding Author's Secondary Institution: First Author: Zeyad Nazar Majeed, Ph.D First Author Secondary Information: Order of Authors: Zeyad Nazar Majeed, Ph.D Aied Mohammed Alabsi, Ph.D Dasan Swaminathan Koshy Philip, Ph.D Order of Authors Secondary Information: Author Comments: Suggested Reviewers: John Tagg, Ph.D Professor, University of Otago john.tagg@otago.ac.nz For his expertise in Oral Biology John Hale Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation john.hale@blis.co.nz For his expertise with oral health Jeremy Burton, Ph.D Jeremy.Burton@lawsonresearch.com For his expertise on Oral health Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation Reliability of periodontal pathogens and human cathelicidine LL-37 in the prediction of the different stages of periodontal disease Zeyad Nazar Majeed , Aied Mohammed Alabsi , Dasan Swaminathan , Koshy Philip 4 1 Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2 Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 3 Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, bandar saujana putra, 42610 Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia 4 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 5 Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Babylon, Iraq. Corresponding Author: Koshy Philip Institute of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science University of Malaya Tel: +60379675839, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia kphil@um.edu.my Title Page

Reliability of Periodontal Pathogens and Human Cathelicidine Ll-37 in the Prediction of the Different Stages of Periodontal Disease