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In today’s world, one of the basic problems of mankind is supplying food needs, so that food security and quality assurance have become important goals of governments. In particular, agricultural production has received special attention in developing countries [1]. Crops are those agricultural products that have less than one year of planting and flowering (end of life). In fact, their lifecycle lasts less than a year; most crops are stored for several months and only a part of the crop is directly consumed after harvest; Therefore, most small and large producers prefer to stock these relatively sensitive crops for several months to provide fruit in early spring, as well as reasonable prices due to market demand; Therefore, it is necessary to have suitable places for storing high volume of manufactured products and having a schedule. Also, because most warehouses are traditional, so every year a large volume of products made with great effort and expense, these warehouses suffer a severe loss of quality [2]. The agricultural supply chain today has played an important role in supply chain issues because of its unique characteristics such as the importance of food quality, supply, climate change and price changes [3]. These products are categorized in terms of shelf life into perishable and non-perishable (such as grain and nuts) and in terms of life cycle into agricultural and horticultural products [4]. In recent years, the importance of fresh fruit has grown substantially with increasing demand from concerned consumers for a healthy diet. This has made the quality and availability of fruit throughout the year a significant issue [5]. Only in the past ten years has the agri-food industry in general and the fresh fruit sector been specifically recognized and discussed in the supply chain as a key concept for competitiveness [6,7]. For the first time, Ahumada and Villalobos conducted a study of model planning in the agricultural supply chain. They have presented their research overview of articles available since 1985 focusing on various crops including perishable, non-perishable, and most vegetables [8]. Audsley [9] also did research with an operation research model in the agricultural sector but limited to examining developments in the United Kingdom [9]. Furthermore, Zhang [10] presented an interesting version of mathematical models for the crop industry including fruits, vegetables, grapes, ornamental plants, tree nuts, berries and dried fruits [10]. On the other hand, Shukla and Jharkharia provided a summary of the existing literature from 1991 to 2011 on the production of fresh produce such as fruits, flowers and vegetables [11].

A Review of Optimization Researches in the Field of Agricultural Supply Chain