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Food security is one of the main development issues of African countries. The case of rice is a good example of the continent’s dependence on the outside (Del Villar et al., 2001). Indeed, rice imports have reached values such that they weigh in the countries’ trade balance. These annual imports are haemorrhages of foreign exchange that cause serious imbalance in the country’s trade balance, although the country is full of rice potential [1]. In order to offset these imports, an unavoidable need to increase local production is essential. This increase depends, on the one hand, on the area, on the increase in yield and on the other hand on the improvement of the final product. In this respect, the lowlands, although they represent only a small fraction (5%) of arable land in West Africa, constitute areas to be exploited to increase rice production. Indeed, with fertile soils and a relatively abundant water supply, they offer great potential for agriculture [2]. At a rate of more than 5% per year, rice demand is growing faster in West Africa than anywhere else in the world. The extra production needed to meet this demand will have to come largely from these lowlands.

modern concepts and developments in agronomy

Evaluation and Breeding of Lowland Rice Varieties for their Yield and Tolerance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Benin and Togo: Implication for Genetic Improvement of Rice in West Africa