English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

This paper presents the results of a parametric study of wheel load distribution in foursided precast concrete box culverts using three-dimensional finite element analysis (3DFEA) as compared to the two-dimensional (2D) plane frame analysis. Maximum bending moments and deflections from the 3D-FEA results and the 2D frame analysis were computed and evaluated. Several concrete box culvert sizes were chosen with various span lengths, constant rise, and standard laying width. The culverts were subjected to various combinations of earth loading and AASHTO HS20 wheel loading applied at midspan of the top slab. As the soil cover increases from 0 to 3 m, wheel loads are projected to the top slab using ASTM C890 procedure. The finite element results showed that the effect of wheel loading along mid-span is significant and that the edge loading condition for a single box is more critical than center loading for soil cover less than 0.9 m. The earth loading tends to gradually dominate as the soil cover increases, which is expected based on geotechnical engineering practices. It was shown that the plane frame analysis and 3D-FEA gave similar results for long-span and non-standard box culverts. However, for short-span (3.6 m) concrete box culverts, the plane frame analysis was less conservative than the 3D-FEA by about 15% for moments; versus about 5% for long-span culvert (7.2 m). The results of this paper will assist bridge engineers in analyzing and designing non-standard precast concrete box culverts and quickly replacing small bridges.

Wheel Load Distribution in Four-Sided Concrete Box Culverts