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Despite the decline in ambient concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and groundlevel ozone (O3), adverse health effects have been observed at levels below federal standards. We examine the meteorological dependence of NOx and O3 for resultant respiratory health outcomes. The objectives were to characterize the temporal and seasonal variations in ambient concentrations of NOx and O3 as a plausible explanation for respiratory hospital admissions in the Meadowlands. The meteorological conditions and air pollutants that may be associated with respiratory hospital admissions were analyzed through path analytic models by using stepwise multiple regressions and bivariate correlations. Increases in O3 and NOx were associated with respiratory hospital admissions. The lowest hospital admissions occurred when NOx concentrations were also at their lowest and corresponded to months with maximum photochemical activity. Hospital admissions in the fall, winter and spring were higher than in summer. There was a positive relationship between hospital admissions and personal exposure to NO2 (r=0.359) and NOx (r=0.317) over the short-term. With one unit increase in O3, respiratory hospital admissions increased by 0.7 (95% CI: 0.254, 1.23) at 2 lag days and 0.5 (95% CI: 0.107, 0.969) with one unit increase in NOx. Respiratory hospital admissions were not strongly distinguished by high O3 concentrations in the summer except at lag intervals. Unlike O3, NOx did not show consistent seasonal behavior. This study provides evidence for additional plans for protection against respiratory illnesses, as well as an incentive for setting improved air quality standards in similar regions.

athens journal of sciences

Pollution and Climate-Induced Respiratory Health Effects: Do National Standards Adequately Provided a Safe Threshold for NOX and O3 in Urban New Jersey?