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The concept of energy conservation is not only a part of green architectural design, but also an important element in the creation of a Thai architectural identity. The objectives of this research are to 1) review and collect theories and concepts of energy conservation in architectural design from academic papers; 2) conduct surveys of architecture in various regions in Thailand, which are prominent and relevant to this concept; and 3) interview professional and academic architects. The results of this research, “The concept of energy conservation in architectural design within a Thai context,” consists of five fundamental principles as follows: 1) passive design, such as building ventilation and natural lighting; 2) active design, such as building climate control and optimization of electrical equipment and appliances; 3) usage of green areas in Thai architecture, such as tree plantations inside or around the building, vertical gardens, roof gardens and reducing or replacing impervious surfaces by plants; 4) design following function and utilization by grouping functional areas or zoning from natural zones, passive zones, semi-passive zones and control zones in buildings; and 5) construction method design, such as reducing the quantity of material use and construction waste and introducing the use of low environmental impact materials. According to the results of this research, professional and academic architects mainly focus on two principles: passive design and design follows function, while only a few integrated all five principles. Furthermore, the interviewees perceived that “semi outdoor/indoor space” or “grey area” is a climatic responsive design that plays an important role in Thai architectural identity. In conclusion, an analysis of several case studies showed that passive design, use of green areas, and design following construction processes are the major design principles of Thai architecture that transformation but still cohere.

The Concept of Energy Conservation in Architectural Design and the Creation of Modern Thai Architectural Identity