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The toxicity of a chemical substance in a workplace depends on both its physical and chemical properties, the level of concentration in the breathing air, as well as, the duration of the exposure. In order to ensure healthy conditions at workplace, international organizations, such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labor Organization (ILO), have instituted upper limits of concentration for several chemicals that could provoke serious problems or disturbances on human health. The aim of the present paper is the estimation of the concentrations of ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform, which are widespread solvents used during routine analyses in a toxicological laboratory. The monitoring of the solvents at the laboratory was carried out during the summer period of two successive years. The monitoring was focused on the estimation of: a) the meteorological parameters (temperature and air humidity), b) both inhalation and dermal exposure concentrations by using personal air sampling systems, c) the concentrations in the environmental air of the laboratory and d) the concentration in urine samples of the employees. The above-mentioned activities have been achieved through the use of appropriate air samplers which employees were carrying both on the height of inhalation zone and their arms. For the qualitative and quantitative estimation of the concentrations, chemical substances were extracted with the use of carbon sulphide and then by the use of gas chromatographic technique equipped with flame ionization detector. Urine analyses were done by colorimetric techniques. The results of the monitoring showed concentrations of ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform over those instituted for workplaces. In this paper, results of the monitoring are discussed and proposals for ensuring air quality at workplace are suggested.

Risk assessment of chemicals in a toxicological laboratory: A case study