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Thermal convection-diffusion plays a crucial role in transferring heat energy in the nature, and hence its effective manipulation is of great significance. Although the transformation theory provides a possible approach, three severe problems still restrict practical applications. That is, the parameters as required by the transformation theory are anisotropic, inhomogeneous, and even singular, thus challenging the fabrications. To solve these problems, here we propose a scheme for realizing thermal illusion (including transparency, concentrating, and cloaking) of porous media with convection-diffusion process, which is governed by Darcy's law and Fourier's law. By designing two key parameters (i.e., thermal conductivity and permeability) of a shell, we can realize thermal transparency and remove the requirements of anisotropy, inhomogeneity, and singularity. The scheme can also help to realize thermal concentrating or cloaking by designing an anisotropic shell without the need of inhomogeneous and singular parameters. All these theoretical analyses are confirmed by finite-element simulations. This work provides an illusion scheme for manipulating thermal convection-diffusion with practical parameters, and offers a guidance to fabricate these metamaterials experimentally. Our results can also be extended to other diffusive fields, such as mass diffusion.

Thermal Illusion of Porous Media with Convection-Diffusion Process: Transparency, Concentrating, and Cloaking