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Global warming has created potential opportunities, one of which is the opening of new shorter shipping routes as a result of melting Arctic polar ice. It is expected that by the end of the 21st century, vast areas of the Arctic will be icefree. In view of these emerging developments, this extended literature review as part of a doctoral study attempts to anticipate the economic impact of emerging Arctic routes on developing countries such as South Africa, whose foreign trade rely heavily on viable coastal sea routes. The author firstly aims to demonstrate the limited studies conducted on the economic impact of the emerging route on developing countries and secondly the potential geopolitical challenges that could be faced. This review concludes with recommendations for further studies.

An Extended Literature Review to Analyses the Economic Impact of Global Warming on Shipping Routes of Developing Countries