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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a soil-borne pathogen which attacks a wide range of fruit and vegetable crops. The fungus survives between successive crops as sclerotia which can remain viable in the soil for 4-5 years. Soil solarization has been used successfully overseas to reduce sclerotial numbers in the soil. To examine the potential of soil solarization, three field trials were established (1997, 1998 Lincoln University; 1998 Marlborough Research Centre, Blenheim), to reduce Sclerotinia inoculum under New Zealand conditions. Four plots ( 2m x 3 m) were solarized (polythene sheet, 50 μm thick) for 4 and 8 weeks in 1997 and 1998, respectively, and four plots were non-solarized. Fifty sclerotia, contained within muslin bags, were buried in each plot (3 bags/plot) at a depth of 10 cm. Solarization treatment resulted in significant reductions in sclerotial viability of 48 % (1997, Lincoln), 92 % (1998, Lincoln) and 100 % (1998 Blenheim) compared to non-solarized treatments. The maximum temperature in solarized plots was 35-40C which was 8-10C higher than nonsolarized plots. These results indicate that soil solarization can significantly reduce sclerotial levels in the soil and this technique may have potential for Sclerotinia control in some regions of New Zealand.

proceedings of the new zealand weed and pest control conference/new zealand plant protection/proceedings of the ... national weeds conference/proceedings of the new zealand weed control conference/proceedings of the new zealand plant protection conference

Soil solarization: a cultural practice to reduce viability of sclerotia of <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> in New Zealand soils