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As Park reported, the previous article on the intergenerational transmission of trauma effects in offspring of former “comfort women” had many limitations. It was a preliminary study on only 6 children of the survivors.1 Although the results were significant since it first demonstrated the intergenerational transmission of trauma effects in offspring of former “comfort women,” further studies on a larger sample are warranted. Since all the personal information of the survivors and their families are privately held by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family, further studies on offspring of the survivors are feasible only with the support from the Ministry. However, to our knowledge, there are currently no specific plans or directions for further research on offspring of former “comfort women,” probably due to many barriers. The 6 children of the former “comfort women” who had participated in the previous study was not a convenience sample. All the children of 38 survivors who had been alive in July 2016 were asked to participate in the study and only 6 children had given consent. Therefore, including children of the deceased former “comfort women” is the only way to expand the sample size. However, there are many practical difficulties in pursuing research on children of the deceased survivors. First, even if the biological children of the deceased former “comfort women” are included, the sample size would not be a large number. The total number of registered survivors are 240, but many are reported to be unmarried or impotent.2 Second, given the high rate of refusal in the former study, it would be very hard to gain consent from the children of the deceased survivors as well. Many of them could still suffer from stigma Print ISSN 1738-3684 / On-line ISSN 1976-3026 OPEN ACCESS

The Author Reply: Major Difficulties in Pursuing Research on Offspring of Former “Comfort Women” in Korea