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Background: Atherosclerosis is widely viewed as an inflammatory disease with hypercholesterolemia being a dominant underlying risk factor. This study aimed to determine the effect of mangosteen pericarp in inhibition of NF-κB activation and ICAM-1 expression in rat fed with high cholesterol. Methods and Results: Various doses of crude extract mangosteen pericarp were administered to the high fat diet wistar rats and the activity of NF-κB measured by immunohistochemistry to assess nuclear NF-κB expression and the ICAM-1 expression. The high fat diet resulted significant increased serum LDL levels. Increased nuclear NFκB activation and ICAM-1 expression were also observed in high fat diet rats in concurrence with increased serum LDL. The inhibitory effect on NFκB activity and ICAM-1 expression was observed when 400 mg of mangosteen pericarp crude extract was administered and even showed a higher inhibitory effect in 800 mg of mangosteen pericap treated rats. The 800 mg extract treatment resulted in decreased ICAM-1 expression similar to those of non high fat rats. Conclusion: The administration of 800 mg mangosteen pericarp crude extract significantly inhibited NF-κB activation and reversed the expression of ICAM -1 to the normal level in high cholesterol diet rats.

Mangosteen Pericarp Inhibits Nuclear Factor ?B (NF-?B) Activation and Reduces Expression of ICAM-1 in High Cholesterol Diet Rat