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The article is devoted to W. Baranoff-Rossine’s (1888–1944) optophonic art and the art of light and color invented by G. Gidoni (1895–1937). The achievements of the artists in the field of art synthesis are compared on several overlapping levels: concepts of new art forms they created; institutions they managed to partially implement, and projects of institutes they planned to realize; theoretical insights; light and color apparatus (optophone; light orchestra) and patents for the inventions. In her comparative analysis of the artists’ concepts, the author concludes that in their reference points, the ideas of Baranoff-Rossine and Gidoni were very close. The following provisions are common for the artists: contributing rhythm and dynamics to painting; bringing pictural art out of the plane onto a screen/transparent screen or into space; combining light and color with sound; bringing fine art closer to music. However, in their aspiration to bring light and color beyond the limits of pictural art (into time and space), they acted in different directions. In its operation principle, Baranoff-Rossine’s instrument was closer to cinematography (all colors and drawings were projected on the screen). Gidoni’s light and color device, which assumed no screen at all (the screen was implied to be transparent), was more of a theatrical thing. The artist dreamed of creating a light theater which would incorporate light music, light architecture, light declamation, and light choreography.

Wladimir Baranoff-Rossine’s and Grigory Gidoni’s Light and Color Projection Devices: 1920s–1930s