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In this work, aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Calotropis procera and Clusia rosea leaves were evaluated for phytochemicals and antibacterial activities in an attempt to evaluate their medicinal potentials. The results of the phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, tannins, and phenolic compounds in the aqueous extracts of Calotropis procera (AqCp) and Clusia rosea (AqCr), and ethanolic extracts of Calotropis procera (EtCp) and Clusia rosea (EtCr). The concentrations of the bioactive constituents in the extracts were in order AqCp > EtCp > AqCr > EtCr. The antibacterial activities were evaluated against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and, Streptococcus pyrogenes with different concentration of the plant extracts. The results of the antibacterial evaluations indicate the plant extracts can be used to inhibit the growth of the bacteria with AqCp being more effective. The result of this study validates the use of the aqueous extract of plant extracts in ethnomedicine and this could provide a lead in the isolation of antibacterial agents from water extracts of medicinal plants.

Chemical analysis and antibacterial activities of Calotropis procera and Clusia rosea leaves extracts