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Relevance of the research. One of the most pressing and controversial issues of criminal law is the issue of criminal liability of enterprises. As practice shows, a certain number of crimes are committed for or with the use of enterprises. As a result, there is a need to impose direct criminal sanctions on an enterprise as a subject of a crime. Therefore, on May 23, 2013, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine adopted the Law of Ukraine No 314-VІІ “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine” on September 1, 2014 1 . This Law amended the Criminal Code of Ukraine. In particular, Section 14–1 has been added, entitled “Criminal and legal measures against enterprises”. Formulation of the problem. The problem of recognizing enterprises as subjects of criminal offenses arose in the theory of criminal law in connection with their unjustified impunity for committing crimes with a high degree of public danger. Until recently, a fairly balanced system of legal liability of enterprises was formed in Ukraine, but the legislator refused to apply its strictest form – criminal liability. The introduction of the institute of criminal liability of an enterprise should help reduce the number of facts of illegal actions on their part. It should also be noted that the issue of criminal liability of enterprises for crimes against the environment has not found its legislative implementation yet. This is a rather big problem in terms of prevention of their commission, because the ecological security of the state, along with national and economic security, are strategic directions for the development of state formation.

EXPEDIENCY OF INTRODUCTION OF LEGAL INSTITUTIONS OF CRIMINAL LAW “CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF ENTERPRISES” AND “CRIMINAL AND LEGAL MEASURES FOR ENTERPRISES” FOR CRIMES AGAINST THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE MARITIME ECONOMY