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The aim of the research was to reveal the peculiarities of local immune reactions in the kidneys of mature fetuses and newborns from mothers, whose pregnancy was complicated by iron deficiency anemia of varying degrees of severity. The material of the study was the tissue of the kidneys of mature fetuses and newborns from mothers with physiological pregnancy (28 cases), as well as from mothers whose pregnancy was complicated by iron deficiency anemia of varying degrees of severity (85 cases). Phenotyping of the immune cells was performed by an indirect Coons method according to M. Brosman’s technique using monoclonal antibodies to CD3 and using the peroxidase reaction with monoclonal antibodies to CD4, CD8, CD20 and CD68. Maternal iron deficiency anemia of mild degree in the fetuses and newborns kidneys has no effect on T-cell and B-cell immunity and activates the macro1 Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Pathological Anatomy, Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine 2 Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Pathological Anatomy, Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine 3 Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Pathological Anatomy, Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine © Sorokina Iryna, Myroshnychenko Mykhailo, Simachova Alla 177 Morphological state of local immune reactions in the kidneys of mature... phage system. Maternal iron deficiency anemia of moderately severe degree and severe iron deficiency anemia in the fetuses and newborns kidneys lead to the inhibition of T-cell and B-cell immunity against the background of macrophage system activation. The kidneys of newborns from mothers with iron deficiency anemia of varying degrees of severity as compared to the fetuses kidneys are characterized by a high content of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD68 cells and the immunoregulatory index value. The quantitative characteristics of the cellular composition of the immune infiltration in the fetuses and newborns kidneys are determined by the severity degrees of maternal iron deficiency anemia, while with the increase of the maternal anemia severity the quantitative changes of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD68 cells increase and the immunoregulatory index does not change. 1. Введение Формирование здоровья детей находится в прямой зависимости от соматического состояния материнского организма, особенностей течения беременностей и родов, так как «качество» развивающихся органов и тканей определяется взаимосвязью плода с материнским организмом, составляющим для него особую среду обитания [1, c. 43; 2, с. 38]. Негативные антенатальные факторы могут существенно осложнить внутриутробное развитие, течение постнатальной адаптации, приводить к развитию различных морфофункциональных изменений в органах и системах плода и новорожденного, оказывать влияние на здоровье детей в последующие годы жизни [1, с. 46]. Одним из таких повреждающих факторов может выступать железодефицитная анемия матери, частота которой, по данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения, колеблется в разных странах мира от 21 % до 80 %, если учитывать уровень гемоглобина, и от 49 % до 90 %, если учитывать уровень сывороточного железа [3, с. 64]. Гестационный период и роды на фоне железодефицитных состояний характеризуются высокой частотой осложнений. Железодефицитная анемия во время беременности приводит к развитию фетоплацентарной недостаточности, хронической внутриутробной гипоксии и гипотрофии плода, усугубляет течение преэклампсии, увеличивает частоту преждевременных родов, кровотечений во время родового акта и в послеродовом периоде [4, с. 50].

MORPHOLOGICAL STATE OF LOCAL IMMUNE REACTIONS IN THE KIDNEYS OF MATURE FETUSES AND NEWBORNS FROM MOTHERS, WHOSE PREGNANCY WAS COMPLICATED BY IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA