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Several examples of leakage through abutments and foundation of dams have been witnessed world over, but with the advent of modern technology and innovative approach, such problems are being tackled successfully. The piping and internal erosion within thick overburden in river valley was a major geotechnical issue for upstream coffer dam of Punatsangchhu-1 hydropower project, Bhutan. The plastic concrete cut off wall as diaphragm was designed and successfully installed as best option to encounter the water leakage through the dam body up to acceptable level. The key to the success was proper planning, thorough geological investigations by exploration, safe design, good workmanship and remedial measures adopted during construction for risk reduction. This paper highlights about delineation of bed rock profile by exploration and successful construction of 132m long and maximum 93m deep plastic concrete cut off wall, which is one of its own kinds and deepest diaphragm wall in the geologically complex Himalayan terrain. Keywords—abutment; foundation; coffer dam; plastic concrete; cut off wall; exploration

Construction of deep plastic concrete cut off wall in upstream coffer dam of Punatsangchhu-I Hydropower Project, Bhutan