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The micro-morphology of the moth wing surface was characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The contact angle (CA) and sliding angle (SA) of water droplet on the wing were measured by an optical CA meter. The wetting mechanism was discussed from the perspective of biological coupling. The moth wing surface is of superhydrophobicity (CA 142~157°) and low adhesion (SA 1~4°), and displays multiple-dimensional rough microstructure including primary structure (scales), secondary structure (longitudinal ridges and lateral bridges) and tertiary structure (stripes). The scales play a crucial role in the complex wettability of the wing. In micro-dimension, the smaller the width and the bigger the spacing of the scale, the stronger the hydrophobicity of the wing surfaces. In nano-dimension, the smaller the height and the smaller the width and the bigger the spacing of the longitudinal ridge, the stronger the hydrophobicity of the wing surfaces. The average rate of CaCO3 pollution removal from the wing surface is as high as 87.6%. There is a positive correlation (R=0.8837) between pollution removal rate and roughness index of the wing surface. The cooperation of chemical composition and micro-morphology contributes to the special wettability and outstanding self-cleaning performance of the wing surface. The moth wing can be employed as a template for biomimetic design and preparation of novel interfacial material with multi-functions.

The Role of Multiple-dimensional Microstructure in the Low Adhesion and Superhydrophobicity on the Wing of Tiger Moth (Arctiidae)