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The results of experimental and calculative estimation of elastic-plastic mechanics of bus body construction in conditions of rollover are presented. The dynamical behaviors of light commercial (LCV) bus structures are described. The analysis of approaches that could be used for estimation of buses passive safety is made. The results of experimental estimation of construction materials characteristics are described. The comparative analysis of the test experimental data and simulation results is presented.. Keywords-elastic-plastic characteristics of materials; bus body; rollover; passive safety; simulation; energy absorption. I. INTRODUCTION The problem of bus accident prevention is topical for any country. Road accidents with bus participation attend with serious injuries of passengers. It is well known that rollover is one of the most dangerous types of accident that is not as frequent as front or side collisions but quite dramatic by deceased people statistics. The improving of bus passive safety is possible and could be achieved by means of intelligent systems and using of robust body structures and seatbelts for passengers. The bus passive safety in rollover conditions is estimated according to ECE R66 Regulation. This Regulation allows carrying out estimation of the strength of the bus superstructure by using computer simulation. In addition, ECE R66 prescribes simulation model that should be able to describe the real physical behavior of the bus superstructure during the rollover (1). Nowadays there are different modeling approaches of the body structure load conditions during the bus rollover (2-6). In many of them the model loading is implemented with predetermined kinetic energy (3-6), but these approaches don't consider the bus rotation process which occurs when the bus impacts the ground (rigid surface). The positive side of these approaches is that they are easy to use. So there is a logical question: is it necessary to consider bus rotation process during the rollover and how it influences the results which can be obtained by computer simulation? This task can be solved by carrying out experiment and subsequent comparison between the test and the simulation data. The particular attention should be spent on estimation of construction materials characteristics that are used in bus body construction. II. THE OBJECT OF RESEARCH

The Analysis of Elastic-Plastic Mechanics of Bus Body Construction in Conditions of Rollover by Means of Simulation and Real Test