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Cadmium pollution is a serious environmental and agricultural issue. As such, an adsorbent material with convenient recovery must be used to adsorb excess cadmium. In this study, carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) microspheres were prepared under controlled conditions. The structure, acid/alkali resistance, and thermal properties of these microspheres were assessed. The adsorption properties of the prepared CMCS microspheres were also studied through graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Factors affecting adsorption efficiency were discussed. Results showed that the optimum preparation conditions included the following: 5% CMCS solution, 0.15 mol·L hydrochloric acid solution, and 0.625% glutaraldehyde cross-linking solution with bathing beads in a 40 °C water bath for 1 h and in a 60 °C water bath for 2 h. The optimal dosage, adsorption time, and pH of the fabricated CMCS microspheres are 5 g, 2 h, and 5, respectively. The initial concentration of cadmium chloride is 0.2 g·L. The adsorption rate of CMCS microspheres on the simulated cadmium ions in aqueous solution is higher than 64% under the optimal condition.

Preparation of carboxymethyl chitosan microspheres and the adsorption of heavy metal cadmium