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Periodically collecting information and then transmit to a remote base station (BS) is one of the most important applications of sensor networks. But the energy restriction of battery makes this difficult, especially in large area. In order to improve the lifetime of networks in large area, we propose EEHA (energy-efficient gathering algorithm for WSN with hybrid antenna) in this paper, a protocol that is based on hybrid networks which contain directional antennas and omnidirectional antennas. In EHAA, a threshold of distance is defined to avoid forming long chain and sensors are grouped into several chains. Sensors can send data to each other through omnidirectional antennas while they can communicate with BS through directional antennas [1]. Simulation results show that, compared to PEGASIS, EEHA increases the network stable period greatly and performs better by 13%, 14%, 9% when 20%, 50% and 100% of nodes die. Keywords-large area; wireless sensor network; PEGASIS; hybrid antennas; routing

A Routing Algorithm Based on Hybrid Antenna for Wireless Sensor Networks in Large Area