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This research discusses the social movement to demand the appointment of the Sultan of Yogyakarta as the governor through the enactment of the law on Special Autonomy of Yogyakarta Province, without a free and fair election like in any other regions in Indonesia. The movement has its roots in history since the New Order, where there were protests and demonstrations among the public over the uniformity of local government system, including in the mode of election. After the reform of 1998, there were demands for Sultan HamengkuBuwono and PakuAlam to be enthroned as Governor and Vice Governor of Yogyakarta Province without anelection. The movement focused on the demands for the introduction of juridical rules governing the appointment of Sultan HamengkuBuwono and PakuAlam as Governor and Vice Governor of Yogyakarta. This research uses the new social movement theory, explaining the three factors of the movement, i.e. political opportunity, mobilization structure, and framing process. It explains how political opportunities and mobilization structures are formed, and how social movement actors develop strategies and interact with their environment in building a common understanding in order to prepare society and engage in social movements. The research method used is a qualitative method with case study approach. The findings of the research indicate that the social movement in the case of Pro-Special Autonomy Yogyakarta movement is highly influenced by three factors. First, a political opportunity that creates opportunities for movement actors to take advantage of the momentum of the action. Second, the mobilization structure that represents the social structure of society. Third, the strategic framing process. These three factors strongly support the creation of social movements. The theoretical implications of this study illustrate partially anomalies in new social movement theories.

Political Opportunity, Mobilizing Structure, and Framing Process in Social Movement to Demand Special Autonomy in Yogyakarta 2010-2012